Do Woman Make Better Leaders Essay

However, when women attractors ar putting glorious greatly, they need to move over their parts of life to earn such a achiever. Mostly, they need to work overnight and hard deal their male fellows, they ar single or divorced, and they whitethorn need to take c ar of both of their charge and children. Actu anyy, female attracters are facing some practical problems in their emotion, career and family. Many females are suffering in balancing these factors. Do women make better attracter than men? Or specifically, are women playing a better role in managers? What are issues women leading facing?In baffle to solve these problems and leave no doubt, I write this essay to try out this topic. 2. 1 Leadership check to the professional definition, leadinghip is the process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing its goals. (Roach & Behling, 1984) There are certain basic qualities or characteristics that closely mass associate with leaders, such as self-confidenc e, persistent, integrity, ambitious and determination. People would agree that who own these qualities good deal be labeled as leaders. However, it is usually hard to recognize a proper leader with a standard measurement.Human traits are judge immeasurable. In daily works, a good leader is normally judged by multitude he or she leads. Unfortunately, these opinions are always subjective and biased. Work acts may opine being comparable. However, in reality, completely similar works poop provide comparable performance results which limit the number of comparable cases. Insufficient parameters can non provide a reliable analysis. Due to these difficulties, this essay go away compare female and male leaders in other factors which are non specialized and quantized for leaders but as well providing references for good leaders.These factors include effectualness, comprehension and attitude which compare leaders in the aspects of performances psychical and psychological values an d reliability, respectively. Before comparison and analyzing, it is much reasonable to realize the current topographic point about gender and leadership which get out in addition give readers a general idea. 2. 2 men are steady the major force in leaders Actually, majority of world lock away consider that domination of power is in mans hand, though women leaders are increasing promptly recent years.As statistics show, cleaning woman account for 51 percent of population and 46. 5 percent of outwear force while their numbers in manage level are negligible. In fact, in more powerful positions, women only account for 7. 3 percent of Fortune 500 corporate line officers only 4. 1 percent of top earners are women. (Catalyst, 2001) The true situation is like what Oakley ,J. G. said, The overall percentage of women on corporate boards surpassed the 10% milestone for the first time in 1996, however, 105 out of the 500 companies surveyed still had no women on their boards. (Oakley, 2 000 Dobrsynski, 1996)In making such a males world, social and environment factors play overcritical roles. Traditionally, women are told to be less competitive and ambitious when they are still girls, when they start their careers, mostly, environment and themselves move suggesting them to be more unleader-like and docile. This attitude is formed in a long period and by skirt environment, and it actually becomes part of females character. posture toward leadership is stronger predictor of leader emergence than masculinity. (Kolb, 1999) This practicable action is even more reasonable when biology theory is abandoned.Generally, majority of leaders is still male , the roles that women are told to play and attitudes they are suggested to own is signaling to be second class. 2. 3 Woman leaders show great potential It is undoubtedly men are traditionally leaders in the guild nevertheless, women are catching up in an amazing speed. Especially in recent years, woman leaders are showin g their great power. In a long period before, people believe that women lack of managerial skills and they define it as female deficiencies as a reason why few women form made it to the top. Steven, Lynda and Joanne, 2003) However, many professors have make the irrationality of this stereotypical concept, Davidson and Burke (Davidson&Burke,1994) have contended that almost all the evidence shows little or few difference in the traits and abilities of managerial skills among women and men. Furthermore, Ferrario(Ferrario,1994), Carless(Carless,1998) and Komives (Komives,1991) have studied and proved that gender does not determine who should get the leadership.According to above statements, it is easy to realize that gender is not physical or psychical obstacle for female leaders. Moreover, Kent and Moss suggested the possession of feminine characteristics does not decrease an mortals chances of emerging as a leader as long as the individual as well possesses mannish characterist ics. If women are more likely to be androgynous, they may have better chance of hike to leadership status. (Kent and Moss, 1994) Kent and Moss words can be explained related to womens own characteristic.Normally, women are more comprehendible and modest. The advantage is obvious above male leaders cannot combine females good personalities which will be considered to be sissy while females will treat androgynous as a merit which show their potential. So, in some kinds of careers which require managers to be more mild and communicative, such as teachers and nurses, woman leaders are more preferred. To sum up, womens characteristic advantage is seen as particularly Copernican in light of the trends toward flatter organizations, team-based management and increased globalization. Oakley,2000 Adler,1993Rosener,1995) Undoubtedly, woman leaders have predominance in some specific works than man leaders 2. 4 Gender and the leadership 2. 4. 1 intelligence operation comparison Intelligence is defined by Cronbach as a persons all-around effectiveness in activities directed by pretending. (Cronbach, 1984) Intelligence can divide in two parts, academic intelligence and emotional intelligence. In the aspect of academic intelligence, it is well accepted that at that place is no difference in academic intelligence between men and women. Furthermore, people with high academic intelligence dont mean they are good leaders.Obviously, traditional horizon about intelligence is quite narrow. Current investigate has denied the theory of IQ as the only measure of intelligence. In 1920 Thorndike hypothesized that true intelligence was composed of not only an academic component, but also emotional and social components. (Barbara& Shilpa, 2003) Bar-on argued that emotional and social intelligences were better predictors of success in life. (Bar-on, 1997) According to Barbara& Shilpas statistic analysis, the mean transformational leadership crap of females and males are roughly t he same (65. 21 and 63. 31 respectively).The mean emotional intelligence pass water for females was higher than the mean emotional intelligence score for females (109. 58 and 98. 31 respectively). (Barbara& Shilpa, 2003) Although the results of the current study suggest that females have scored higher than males in emotional intelligence, it is possible that women as compared to men scored higher on empathy or social skills and low on motivation or self-regulation. However , male and females leadership score is very close which can prove that dissimilar genders have differences in EQ, but no capability difference in leadership.To sum up, there is no specific gender difference in academic intelligence. Females have a higher score in emotional intelligence and males have an equally emotional leadership score with females. 2. 4. 2 Attitude comparison Attitude means a general and enduring positive or disconfirming public opinion about some person, object or issue. (Kalliath, 2010) N ormally, we divide attitude in two parts, one is the emotive component, and the other one is the behavioral component. Actually, leadership is affected by attitudes in the sense that a leaders attitude about their subordinates is dictated by theories X and Y.Theory X in the restraint means leaders view their subordinates as pessimistic. They believe that the best way to treat subordinates is by manipulating for they think subordinates are lazy and unmotivated. Theory Y thinks oppositely, leaders of theory Y feel that most people are motivated and white-lipped of punishment. (Kalliath, 2010) Normally, leaders with a positive self-concept and a Theory X school of thought tend to be bossy, pushy and impatient they also largely take on a compulsive leadership. Leaders with a negative self-concept and a Theory Y philosophy may seem afraid to make decisions and self-blaming. Hughes, Ginnett& Curphy, 1993) Related to above apart, womens attitude is an obstacle for their leadership. Thi s disadvantage is caused by environmental and heathen factors. All stereotyping views towards woman will affect them when they are becoming leaders. However, according to theory X and Y, they generally talk about two types of leaders. It can be seen that gender is not the major factor in attitude. To sum up, woman leaders are normally have more problems in their attitude and rating than their man opponents. 2. 4. 4 Effectiveness comparison Effectiveness is understood in terms of leaders facilitation of a group or rganizations ability to meet its goals. (Hunt, 1991 Mumford, 1986) It is stated that there is no difference in effectiveness, although some situations favor women and others favor men. (Powell, 1993)However, some people point out that female leaders may be less effective when they are doing stereotypically masculine jobs. It is easy to understand that women may violate conventions concerning grab female behavior. Female leaders will be subjected prejudiced reactions, whi ch included biased performance evaluations and negative preconceptions about future performance.Consistent with research on self-fulfilling prophecies (Geis, 1993), negative opinion towards womens leadership can diminish their performance. Even though, some professors argue that role conflict for female leaders might also be minimized by adopting a relatively feminine leadership style that would meet peoples traditional expectations about female behavior. (Eaglly, Makhijiani, Klonsky, 1992) They assert that it is unfair to value the effectiveness in leadership roles that are rarely occupied by women and in which most of their evaluators are male. (Eaglly, Makhijiani, Klonsky, 1995)In order to analyze this issue, two perspectives are introduced alternative perspective and contingency theory based perspective. As a outlet of fact, alternative perspective also have two parts, the first one is a structure view suggests that men and women are equally effective in leadership. (House, 199 1&Hunt, 1991) Another alternative view takes into account the different selection of men and woman for leadership. Besides gender par opinion, it also points out that women may be superior performers, especially in the longer run as they may erode negative thought about their work. Craig &Jacobs, 1985) The second perspective is of contingency theories of leadership, suggests that leaders effectiveness depends on their style of leading. (Bass, 1990) It focuses more in the aspect of leadership style. It insists that effectiveness of different gender is related to corresponding factors in leadership methods, not gender. In a word, although male leaders are considered more effective in traditional masculine jobs, female leaders are more effective than males in less masculine terms. Effectiveness is a reliable proof of the woman leadership is not worse than man leadership.Although some people still believe woman leaders are using some inefficient management methods when they are most i n masculine works. It can be expected that females will fare at least as well as men in an increasing range of leadership and managerial roles. 3. Conclusion From the old age of old to the modern world, people who have the opinion that men are born to lead and women should function as followers are out of date. No one can deny the gender equality in the current society. Leaders are no longer the exclusive privilege for men, but also for excellent females.We start to realize the importance of analyzing this topic and have taken a close brass at some of the most basic qualities needed in a successful leader, such as attitude, intelligence and effectiveness. While some qualities seem to be more present in males than females, such as attitude, there are still many females owning the necessary characteristics to be better leaders, such as effectiveness in feminization jobs. This essay collects studies that analyzed leadership under rigorous researches and we have also taken a close lo ok at some of the more recent studies on this topic.